PERSONAL HEALTH
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By JANE E. BRODY
Having friends is a critically important contributor to good health and longevity.
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2018年6月27日 星期三
孤寂對老年可能要命，朋友是解方
2018年6月25日 星期一
呂媞：「千壽」書畫展；「萬般皆下品，唯有健康高」
.......1988年移居美國北加州萬佛城，於法界佛教大學擔任書法教授，退休後定居舊金山。呂媞北碑功力深浩，另外取法李北海和米南宮，諸體皆工，尤擅行草。她的作品豪情真在，卓然挺立，亦剛亦俠亦溫柔。去年硅谷亞洲藝術中心主辦舊金山灣區華人耆老書畫展，名「千壽」，呂老在開幕儀式上說有一言相送大家：「萬般皆下品，唯有健康高」。此一「健」字，也是呂老書法藝術的精髓。
2018年6月17日 星期日
《小倉山房詩集 27 覺老》
覺老
行時躑躅坐瞢騰，自覺今年老不勝。
藏物怕忘憑筆記，看山雖好讓人登。
宵眠不待更三點，晝食曾無粟半升。
大概衰翁何所似？春來殘雪曉來燈。
《小倉山房詩集 27》
【瞢腾】的意思是： 瞢腾 méng téng 形容模模糊糊，神志不清。
2018年5月21日 星期一
Meet Bon and Pon: the Japanese retirees making coordinated outfits
Meet Bon and Pon: the Japanese retirees making coordinated outfits ...
https://www.theguardian.com/.../meet-bon-and-pon-the-japanese-retirees-making-coor...
1 hour ago - Couple have more than 700000 Instagram followers and are launching their own line in Japanese department store.The perfect match: Bon and Pon in pictures | Fashion | The Guardian
https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/.../22/the-perfect-match-bon-and-pon-in-pictures
1 hour ago - The couple started coordinating their outfits in 2016 but have shared a love of fashion since they met and fell in love 38 years ago.The 'silver surfers' riding high on Instagram fame - BBC News - BBC.com
www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-39193145
Mar 7, 2017 - Their names rhyme, their clothes match - Japanese couple Bon and Pon are putting a smile on the social media world with their perfectly ...Bon Pon Matching Japanese Couple Fashion Inspiration - Refinery29
https://www.refinery29.com › Best of Instagram › Fashion › Trend Tracker
Mar 7, 2017 - Together for 37 years, this couple is showing their affections in a totally cute and Insta-ready way.bon・pon (@bonpon511) • Instagram photos and videos
https://www.instagram.com/bonpon511/?hl=en
719.9k Followers, 151 Following, 240 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from bon・pon(@bonpon511)
Meet Bon and Pon, The Elderly Japanese Couple Going Viral On ...
www.nylon.com.sg/.../meet-bon-and-pon-the-elderly-japanese-couple-going-viral-on-...
March 13, 2017. We usually aren't big fans of couple wear – sure, no one's stopping you from showing off to the world that you're head-over-heels in love, but do ...BonとPon 公式ブログ Powered by LINE - LINE BLOG
https://lineblog.me/bon_pon/
3 days ago - 夫=Bon 妻＝Pon 結婚記念日:1980年5月11日服の色や柄を合わせた夫婦コーデ。 お金をかけないオシャレを楽しんでいます。BBC Trending - Meet Bon and Pon - the stylish Japanese... | Facebook
https://www.facebook.com/BBCTrending/posts/1356606414403208
Meet Bon and Pon - the stylish Japanese couple who are taking the internet by storm.2018年5月17日 星期四
水牛 社區老人群 銅雕 王秀杞
王秀杞- 维基百科，自由的百科全书
2018年5月13日 星期日
How nursing homes deal with bullies 養老院中的霸凌問題
SAN FRANCISCO – The unwanted were turned away from cafeteria tables. Fistfights broke out at karaoke. Dances became breeding grounds for gossip and cruelty.
It became clear this place had a bullying problem on its hands. What many found surprising was that the perpetrators and victims alike were all senior citizens.
Nursing homes, senior centers and housing complexes for the elderly have introduced programs, training and policies aimed at curbing spates of bullying, an issue once thought the exclusive domain of the young.
“There’s the clique system just like everywhere else,” said Betsy Gran, who until recently was assistant director at San Francisco’s 30th Street Senior Center. “It’s like ‘Mean Girls,’ but everyone is 80.”
After the cafeteria exiles and karaoke brouhahas, the 30th Street Center teamed up with a local nonprofit, the Institute on Aging, to develop an anti-bullying program. All staff members received 18 hours of training that included lessons on what constitutes bullying, causes of the problem and how to manage such conflicts. Seniors were then invited to similar classes, held in English and Spanish, teaching them to alert staff or intervene themselves if they witness bullying. Signs and even place mats around the center now declare it a “Bully Free Zone.”
“I think in the past I would have just stayed out of it,” said Mary Murphy, 86, a retired real estate agent who took the classes. “Now I might be inclined to help.”
Robin Bonifas, a social work professor at Arizona State University and author of the book “Bullying Among Older Adults: How to Recognize and Address an Unseen Epidemic,” said existing studies suggest about 1 in 5 seniors encounters bullying. She sees it as an outgrowth of frustrations characteristic in communal settings, as well a reflection of issues unique to getting older. Many elderly see their independence and sense of control disappear and, for some, becoming a bully can feel like regaining some of that lost power.
“It makes them feel very out of control,” Bonifas said, “and the way they sort of get on top of things and make their name in this new world is intimidating, picking on people, gossiping.”
There is far less recognition of bullying as a problem among seniors compared with young people. Even among those who have been called bullies, many are unaware how problematic their behavior is until it’s labeled. Campaigns around the country have sought to spread the word, including a booklet circulated last year by the National Center for Assisted Living.
“In the life cycle, it doesn’t go away,” said Katherine Arnold, a member of the city Human Rights Commission in St. Louis Park, Minnesota, which created a public service announcement on its community-access station that included a portrayal of a man who was excluded from a card game and became the subject of gossip by other seniors. “There’s really not a lot of escape.”
Most senior bullying isn’t physical but rather involves name-calling, rumors and exclusion, said Pamela Countouris, a longtime schoolteacher who now runs a Pittsburgh-based consultancy that offers training on bullying. Women constitute the bulk of the bullies Countouris encounters among seniors, a reflection of lifespan disparities and the gender makeup of those who live at or participate in programs at senior facilities.
Countouris’ business began with a focus on school bullying but now centers exclusively on seniors. In the next month alone, she has more than a dozen training sessions planned.
After four years immersed in the wrath of older bullies, Countouris has heard all manner of stories. At a senior high-rise, a woman who saw herself as the queen of the parking garage would key the cars of those who crossed her. Elsewhere, laundry rooms became vicious places where the bullied had their detergent stolen and their clothes thrown on the floor. Bingo rooms so often devolved into battlefields – with lucky newcomers badgered and accused of cheating by veteran players – she came to call it “the devil’s game.”
“I didn’t realize it was an underground society where people could be mean to each other,” Countouris said.
In the worst cases, bullying goes far beyond bingo squabbles. Marsha Wetzel moved into a senior apartment complex in Niles, Illinois, after her partner of 30 years died and her partner’s family evicted her from the home the couple shared. At Glen St. Andrew Living Community, she said she was met with relentless bullying by residents mostly focused on her being a lesbian.
One man hit Wetzel’s scooter with his walker and unleashed a barrage of homophobic slurs. A woman rammed her wheelchair into Wetzel’s table in the dining room and knocked it over, warning “homosexuals will burn in hell.” In the mailroom, someone knocked her in the head, and in an elevator, she was spit on.
“I’d just go in my room and barricade my door and just pray,” said Wetzel, now 70 and living at a senior complex in Chicago. “I just felt like a slug, like I was nothing, like I wasn’t even human.”
Lambda Legal, which defends LGBTQ rights, took on Wetzel’s case and sued Glen St. Andrew, claiming Fair Housing Act violations. A federal judge dismissed the suit last year. An appeals court decision is pending.
Wetzel had seen such bullying throughout her life. She dropped out of high school when she became a punching bag for the girls who learned she was a lesbian. As a senior, she said, it felt even more traumatic – and the bullies even more vicious. She had a view of a cemetery from her window and would stare at it, thinking maybe only when she arrived there would she find peace.
“It’s like ‘Mean Girls,’ but everyone is 80.”
2018年4月1日 星期日
幸福就在大腦裡？ dw
幸福就在大脑里？
（德國之聲中文網）我微笑，我就幸福了？如果是的，那麼，我到底有多幸福呢？另外，我感到的是哪一種幸福？研究人員們將這種感覺區分為兩種：於利希（Jülich）研究中心大腦和行為研究所所長埃克豪夫（Simon Eickhoff）教授解釋說，"一種是暫時的幸福經歷，即此刻的愉覺；另一種形式的幸福感與我們的遺傳有關，與個人的特性有關，是一種較為長期的態度，而不是短暫的興奮。"說到底，幸福以及對幸福的追求是人類行為的主要動機。
幸福感是遺傳的嗎？
基因在幸福方面扮演著重要角色。我們每個人都有感覺幸福或不幸福的基因。與此相應，我們逐步生成某些個性。而這些個性影響我們，如何、什麼時候，以及是否感覺到幸福。
這麼說來，父母們在某種程度上決定了我們是否會輕松生活、體驗到眾多幸福時刻？科學調查結果顯示，我們在30-50%的程度上打上了遺傳因子和早期兒童經驗的烙印。對親人之間的比較研究結果表明了這一點。
無荷爾蒙，便無幸福感
各種荷爾蒙也對我們是否有幸福感具有決定性意義。其中最重要的一個是神經遞質-多巴胺，大腦的訊息質料。這種荷爾蒙比如會在短期的、現時的高漲情緒時溢出。這方面，膾炙人口的例子是在樂透投彩游戲中百萬元大獎時幸福的中獎人的快樂感，這種快樂感並不會永遠保持。
埃克豪夫教授指出，"多巴胺位於腦內那些主管獎勵的區域，一旦发生了某些積極的、讓人喜出望外的事情，它便處於活躍狀態"。另外，幸福荷爾蒙多巴胺也對我們的動機、增強的感受能力和效力負責，並有可能教人喜不自勝。不過，它並非導致我們有積極感受的唯一的荷爾蒙。
血清素也屬於幸福荷爾蒙。對我們的疼痛感而言，它相當重要，但也參與我們的睡眠和性行為。血清素對我們一般的感受狀態有影響。它提高我們的愉覺和動機。
去甲腎上腺素位於中央神經系統和副腎內。尤其在人受到壓力時，去甲腎上腺就會釋出。它操控了我們是否處於清醒狀態，是否聚精會神。這種荷爾蒙也對我們有多大的動機產生影響。它操控著我們的智性能力。
內啡肽可以說就是我們的體內止痛藥。一旦我們受重傷，它們就會釋放出來，抑制疼痛感，讓我們處於一種恍惚狀態。內啡肽負責我們的性荷爾蒙的生產。在我們從事體育活動時，它們也會逸出。此時通常出現的幸福感便與內啡肽有關。
催產素在分娩時促推疼痛感，調節產奶，並對母親和孩子間的一般關係施加著重要影響。害怕和壓力感通過催產素得以減少。在催產素的影響下，同情感等社交能力得到提高，而這也能讓人感覺幸福。
探尋幸福之源
為在科學層面上對幸福感的原因有更多瞭解，目前，在科學上使用最多的一種方法是所謂的功能性核磁共振成像法。被測試者躺入核磁共振成像儀掃描器內，然後接受各種測試。
科學家們每兩秒鐘就拍攝一張腦圖，從上面看顱內是否在何處发生有活動。通常，被測試人有積極感受時就會出現這些活動。於是，身體就會相應釋放出幸福荷爾蒙，顱內某些區域裡的活動就會发生變化。
喜出望外
50多年來，科學家們一直在設法回答這一問題：是否能測量幸福感、是否能讓人看到在神經元活動中的、在腦內相應的範式中的它。埃克豪夫教授指出，我們所有情感均基於相對復雜的神經網絡和調控機制，這意味著，並不是只有一個區域負責幸福感受，"而是有一系列區域，對我們經歷的各種部分做著加工。"
所以，幸福是一種復雜的綜合游戲。埃克豪夫教授表示，要是能將我們的心理經歷- 幸福、害怕、快樂- 歸於腦內的某個區域，並說，這個區域活躍了，所以，我現在正經歷幸福，那當然好啦，"但可惜，事情沒那麼簡單。"他總結說，不論我們有多少先進技術手段，能進行各種分析，但只有我們每個人才能判斷，自己是否以及如何幸福，-至少從純主觀的角度看是這樣的。
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