Scotch Whisky Act 1988
蘇格蘭威士忌法案 1988
蘇格蘭威士忌法案 1988
日前隨系所老師和同學去參訪學校的畜產試驗場的綠能實驗,見到農場內養了不少頭的乳牛,便觸發聊起鮮奶添加物的議題。農場老師簡易回應說,自己學校生產的鮮奶品質當然無虞,絕對不會發生「雞蛋布丁沒雞蛋」,更不會發生「草莓牛奶沒草莓」的情況(http://bit.ly/1ICV1fe)。農場乳源集奶後便隨之殺菌處理,及時裝填封裝後送實習商店上架,因為不添加有的沒的添加物,所以一直很是搶手。由於乳源實在很有限,能供應實習商店的量就只能那麼一點多而已。要消費除了趁早去排隊等上架,還得搶在老師的老師或是老師的師母隊伍之前,然後儘快帶回冷藏保鮮,給它放心地喝下肚去。
台灣雖然有食衛法等相關的規範把關,但畢竟還是發生了統一雞蛋布丁沒雞蛋的實例,這就令人油然不得不聯想到何以當年蘇格蘭要立法定義並規範蘇格蘭威士忌的釀造了。(http://goo.gl/A2bKaY)
現行的蘇格蘭威士忌管理法規是根據1988年時的「蘇格蘭威士忌法案」(Scotch Whisky Act 1988)所制訂,該法規在1990年六月生效實施。法案中針對「蘇格蘭威士忌」(Scotch Whisky)的名詞有如下的定義:
蘇格蘭威士忌是威士忌的一種。必需要在蘇格蘭境內的蒸餾廠裡釀造,且只能使用水與發芽的大麥做為主要原料,但可在部份其中允許使用添加其他穀物的全穀(whole grains of other cereals),而且這些原料都必需:
1)只能在蒸餾廠現地磨碎;
2)只能利用內在的酵素系統(endogenous enzyme systems)以轉化可為發酵的物質;且
3)只能添加酵母來進行發酵;
4)只能容許酒液蒸餾到酒精度(ABV)小於94.8%的水準,俾以保留蒸餾產物中使用原料,以及蒸餾方法所形成的天然香氣與口味;
5)只能裝填陳放於容量不超過700公升的橡木桶中,且一定要庫存在蘇格蘭的保稅倉中進行陳放熟成,而熟成的齡長不得短於三年;
6)只能容許因來自釀造所使用的原料,及其釀造方法和陳年因素所產生的自然色澤、香氣與口味;且
7)除了水和酒用焦糖(spirit caramel)之外,禁止有其他任何的添加物質。
蘇格蘭威士忌是威士忌的一種。必需要在蘇格蘭境內的蒸餾廠裡釀造,且只能使用水與發芽的大麥做為主要原料,但可在部份其中允許使用添加其他穀物的全穀(whole grains of other cereals),而且這些原料都必需:
1)只能在蒸餾廠現地磨碎;
2)只能利用內在的酵素系統(endogenous enzyme systems)以轉化可為發酵的物質;且
3)只能添加酵母來進行發酵;
4)只能容許酒液蒸餾到酒精度(ABV)小於94.8%的水準,俾以保留蒸餾產物中使用原料,以及蒸餾方法所形成的天然香氣與口味;
5)只能裝填陳放於容量不超過700公升的橡木桶中,且一定要庫存在蘇格蘭的保稅倉中進行陳放熟成,而熟成的齡長不得短於三年;
6)只能容許因來自釀造所使用的原料,及其釀造方法和陳年因素所產生的自然色澤、香氣與口味;且
7)除了水和酒用焦糖(spirit caramel)之外,禁止有其他任何的添加物質。
然後,
《蘇格蘭威士忌法案》禁止在蘇格蘭境內製造其他不是『蘇格蘭威士忌』(Scotch Whisky)的「蘇格蘭的威士忌」(Scotland of whisky )。
《蘇格蘭威士忌法案》禁止在蘇格蘭境內製造其他不是『蘇格蘭威士忌』(Scotch Whisky)的「蘇格蘭的威士忌」(Scotland of whisky )。
這『蘇格蘭威士忌』的定義下得真是有意思。就不知道台灣某年某月的某一天也會借鏡立法定義並規範『金門高粱酒』呢?
1988年《蘇格蘭威士忌法案》與《歐洲烈酒定義規範》(European Spirits Definition Regulation)都規定任何想要在歐盟境內銷售,或是從歐盟外銷的蘇格蘭威士忌,其裝瓶後的酒精濃度都不得低於40% ABV 的下限。(The Scotch Whisky Act 1988 and European Community (EC) legislation both specify a minimum alcoholic strength of 40 per cent by volume, which applies to all Scotch Whisky bottled and/or put up for sale within or exported from the Community.)
For the purposes of The Scotch Whisky Act 1988 "Scotch Whisky'' means whisky which has been produced at a distillery in Scotland from water and malted barley (to which only whole grains of other cereals may be added) all of which have been
1) processed at that distillery into a mash;
2) converted to a fermentable substrate only by endogenous enzyme systems; and
3) fermented only by the addition of yeast;
4) which has been distilled at an alcoholic strength by volume of less than 94.8 per cent so that the distillate has an aroma and taste derived from the raw materials used in, and the method of, its production;
5) which has been matured in an excise warehouse in Scotland in oak casks of a capacity not exceeding 700 litres, the period of that maturation being not less than 3 years;
6) which retains the colour. aroma and taste derived from the raw materials used in, and the method of, its production and maturation; and
7) to which no substance other than water and spirit caramel has been added.
2) converted to a fermentable substrate only by endogenous enzyme systems; and
3) fermented only by the addition of yeast;
4) which has been distilled at an alcoholic strength by volume of less than 94.8 per cent so that the distillate has an aroma and taste derived from the raw materials used in, and the method of, its production;
5) which has been matured in an excise warehouse in Scotland in oak casks of a capacity not exceeding 700 litres, the period of that maturation being not less than 3 years;
6) which retains the colour. aroma and taste derived from the raw materials used in, and the method of, its production and maturation; and
7) to which no substance other than water and spirit caramel has been added.
The Scotch Whisky Act 1988 prohibits inter alia the production in Scotland of whisky other than Scotch Whisky.
Hanching Chung 會界定業界獨特產品的製法品管等,頗有智慧,想1988年的科技發達和世界競爭日烈。看看20年之後,日本快世界第一而台灣自有驕傲的威士忌。
Onionhead Cerebrum 有點類似專利行使,以塑造產品形象差異化的作為。台灣釀造的威士忌,不論是金車噶瑪蘭或是TTL南投廠都能應用環境因素,提昇產品品質和醞釀獨特的風味。很不簡單的know-how。日本威士忌則在於麥芽發酵桶內運用到味噌和清酒手工製程的技藝,使得酒體呈現細膩的口感,這點跟大部分國家酒廠使用機械攪拌容有差異。口感是複雜的知覺記憶,也跟生活經驗息息相關,經營者先有這樣的體悟,自會帶出與眾不同有特色的產品,這也是日本威士忌除了炒作因素外很夯的另因由。
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