2014年11月10日 星期一

Growing old (dis)gracefully


Growing old (dis)gracefully

Iris Apfel (& Other Stories/Advanced Style/Ari Seth Cohen)Iris Apfel (& Other Stories/Advanced Style/Ari Seth Cohen)
Older women are more prominent in the fashion world than ever before. But how do you age with style? Lindsay Baker takes a look.
“Old age ain’t no place for sissies,” said Bette Davies – a phrase that rings true for more and more of us as the population lives longer. And older women – once largely invisible and overlooked in fashion –- have become increasingly central to the style zeitgeist, with fashion directors such as  Grace Coddington and Carine Roitfeld ever more influential. And mature women are being cast more frequently as models and brand ambassadors too. The elegant, silver-haired 86-year-old British model Daphne Selfe is in constant demand, and the flamboyant  New Yorker Iris Apfel – also an interior designer, whose motto is “more is more and less is a bore” – was recently chosen as the face of hip fashion label & Other Stories.
Its campaign was shot in the 93-year-old model’s home by Ari Seth Cohen, already known for his hugely successful street-style blogAdvanced Style, in which he documents stylish New Yorkers aged from 60 to 100. His recent documentary film, also called Advanced Style, tells the story behind the blog. “I always love working with older people because of their ability to tell a story with a look,” the 33-year-old photographer tells BBC Culture. “Women like Iris Apfel promote personality and personal expression rather than a youthful idea of perfection and beauty.”
(Advanced Style/Ari Seth Cohen)
Ari Seth Cohen’s blog, Advanced Style documents stylish New Yorkers aged between 60 and 100 (Advanced Style/Ari Seth Cohen)
Inspiration came early for Cohen, whose grandmothers were his “best friends” when he was growing up. “They were my role models,” he says. And now the marketing clout of the silver-haired style maven has become apparent, it seems. “Brands are definitely starting to wake up to the fact that there is an entire demographic of intelligent and experienced older shoppers that they have been ignoring for so many years,” says Cohen. “Bringing visibility to a new image of ageing…. will hopefully help change our attitudes towards growing older.”
Unique chic
What comes across in Cohen’s subjects is their confidence and strength of character. “Style is all about the attitude that comes along with dressing. Many of the women I photograph have become more confident with age. They know their bodies better, aren't afraid of expressing themselves, and no longer care about what other people think.” So does ageing stylishly transcend fashion? “I think style can definitely be an act of creativity. I look at style as a form of vitality, but there are many other ways to age stylishly that have nothing to do with clothing. Style is how we live our lives and approach each day.”
(Advanced Style/Ari Seth Cohen)
“Many of the women I photograph have become more confident with age” says Cohen (Advanced Style/Ari Seth Cohen)
It’s perhaps this emphasis on individualism that has made Advanced Style so popular with younger people. As Cohen puts it: “[Iris] comes from a time before ‘fast fashion’, where you wouldn’t come across hundreds of people wearing the same thing. It’s interesting because personal style has really become a commodity. Many of the women I photograph say that everyone is trying to look different these days, yet they all end up looking the same. I agree with Iris’s pro-individual sense of dressing and I believe that any creative act can be a form of personal expression.” Or, as Iris herself has said: “When you don't dress like everybody else you don't have to think like everybody else.”
Older, wiser, happier
British writer India Knight disagrees. “Lovely line, but I’m not sure it’s true. It’s nice to be creative in the way you dress, but it doesn’t mean that more soberly dressed people are incapable of creativity. Mrs Apfel is a fashion icon and quite rightly speaks like one. Ordinary women are perfectly capable of original thought in a pair of old jeans and their dog-walking jersey.”
In her new book In Your Prime: Older, Wiser, Happier, the 48-year-old author and newspaper columnist argues that ripeness is all, and offers brisk, funny advice on the joys and pitfalls of middle age and beyond. She advises against looking “whacky” and “ageing disgracefully”, and roundly condemns the 1961 poem Warning by Jenny Joseph as the worst possible kind of sartorial advice to follow. (The poem opens with the lines ‘When I am an old woman I shall wear purple / With a red hat which doesn’t go and doesn’t suit me’).
Coco Chanel famously said: “Nothing makes a woman look so old as desperately trying to look young.” India Knight agrees. In her book she writes about the “mutton” effect (from the phrase ‘mutton dressed as lamb’). How would she define mutton? “It’s trying too hard,” she tells BBC Culture. “I’m not mad keen on the idea of a 55-year-old sharing a wardrobe with her teenage daughter.” Equally, though, she is averse to the more ascetic approach, or what she calls the ‘Hampstead Lady’ look (a reference to the north London neighbourhood favoured by the liberal intelligentsia). “Grey bob, geometric, usually Japanese, clothes,” she explains. “For some reason people who wear it feel this look somehow has intellectual rigour. I personally find it quite comical.”
So what can the more mature woman wear, in her view? “Wear whatever you feel happy in. Note, this doesn’t mean whatever you feel most comfortable in. If that worked, we’d all be running about in onesies. I have a lot of love for the onesie but, time and a place. Instead, wear clothes that make you feel uplifted. There’s nothing more depressing than looking down at yourself and thinking ‘ugh’.” So does the author think it’s less important to follow fashion as you get older? “Yes and no. It’s important to do what makes you happy. If you love fashion, great. If you think it’s a baffling tyranny, you’re entirely at liberty to ignore it entirely. The good thing about getting older is that you’re freer of silly anxieties about all of this stuff.” And nor are older women ‘invisible’ as is sometimes claimed. “We are perfectly visible to people our own age, both male and female.”
(Ian Gavan/Getty Images)
Vivienne Westwood is a national treasure in Britain with her out-there look (Ian Gavan/Getty Images)
Despite her firm views on what is and isn’t appropriate, the author agrees that times have changed. In western society, ‘respectability’ is no longer such an overriding concern for older women. And though mature women dressing up for fun may occasionally be ridiculed, on the whole they are viewed affectionately – in the UK the likes of actress Helena Bonham Carter and designer Vivienne Westwood have become close to national treasures with their determinedly out-there looks. “We are much more mutable,” says Ms Knight.  “We can put on a personality when we put on an outfit, in a playful way.” Something the ladies of Advanced Style know all about. When you get to the age of 94, as one of them puts it in the documentary film, “Everyday living is a party.”

2014年11月6日 星期四

退休俸「搖錢樹」「安寧緩和醫療條例」

〔本報訊〕為了領父親的退休俸,竟然有子女寧可無效醫療,也堅持不肯拔管,讓老父親8年來只能依靠呼吸器生存,淪為「搖錢樹」,卻無法可管。
今天立法院社會福利及衛生環境委員會討論安寧醫療的現況,與會的陽明大學附設醫院醫師陳秀丹聽完「安寧療護」專案報告後,指出醫院常抱著多一個病人,就多賺一份錢的心態,若將病人轉介至安寧病房,便無利可圖,痛批病人淪為醫院的「搖錢樹」。
台灣安寧療護管制得不夠健全,有子女為了領老父親的退休俸,寧願無效醫療,堅持不肯拔管,讓父親8年來只能依靠呼吸器生存,淪為「搖錢樹」(資料照,記者翁聿煌攝)
台灣安寧療護管制得不夠健全,有子女為了領老父親的退休俸,寧願無效醫療,堅持不肯拔管,讓父親8年來只能依靠呼吸器生存,淪為「搖錢樹」(資料照,記者翁聿煌攝)
陳秀丹表示,曾經看到一位仰賴呼吸器生存的老校長,子女為了領取他每個月10萬的退休俸,寧可無效醫療,不肯拔管,老校長至今已在病床上躺了8年,雖然令人不捨,政府卻無法規依據,管理這種現象。
此外,陳秀丹還說,有母親不忍心寶貝兒子躺在病床上,10年多來只能靠插管維持呼吸,想拔管卻遭到醫院勸阻,最終等到「安寧緩和醫療條例」修正後,才能如願。陳秀丹呼籲政府積極介入,管理這些照護醫院的無效醫療。
此外,根據健保署統計,因呼吸衰竭長期仰賴呼吸器存活的病人高達1萬1千多人,醫療花費約165億元,僅次於癌症及洗腎的醫療支出,至於安寧緩和醫療使用也有成長,100年有1萬3716人,到了102年則增加為2萬2840人,台灣癌末病患也有超過4成選擇接受安寧醫療。

2014年11月3日 星期一

Yamazaki Single Malt was named the best whisky in the world




Scottish distilleries are in shock after a Japanese single malt was named the best whisky in the world.
Whisky expert Jim Murray described the Yamazaki Single Malt Sherry Cask 2013 as a drink of “near incredible genius”, awarding it 97.5 marks out of 100 in the 2015 World Whisky Bible.
To add insult to injury it is the first time in the Whisky Bible’s 12-year history that a Scottish malt has failed to make the top five drams. It is also the first year that a Japanese whisky claimed the highest accolade.
Mr Murray, who oversees the review that samples over 4,500 different whiskies, labelled the results a “wake up call” for Scottish distilleries, claiming the winner was “a single malt which no Scotch can at the moment get anywhere near”.
The review unfortunately awarded the best European whisky of the year to English tipple Chapter 14 Not Peated, from the English Whisky Company.
After personally tasting nearly 1,000 whiskies, Mr Murray said Scottish distilleries were in danger of churning out drab or mediocre malts and said it was time for “a little dose of humility” from the northern whisky makers so they could “realised something is missing.”
He praised praised the Yamazaki’s “nose of exquisite boldness” and finish of “light, teasing spice”.
Keita Minari, Europe Brand Manager for Beam Suntory, which owns Yamazaki, said: “It is such an honour to be Jim Murray’s World Whisky of the Year. Sherry casks were used to age the very first Japanese whisky over 90 years ago at the distillery. It provides a strong, rich character to the whisky and a delicate sweetness.”
But whisky-lovers may need to be quick. There were only 18,000 bottles of the winning whisky made – and retail in only a few hundred specialist shops in the UK for around £100.

2014年10月25日 星期六

Too Young to Die, Too Old to Worry

壽命預測技術使老人重新規劃人生

這個周末,歌手兼詞曲創作者萊昂納德·科恩點上一支香煙,慶祝他的80歲生日(9月21日——譯註)。去年他宣布,自己打算一到80歲就恢復吸煙。「這是重新開始的好年紀,」他說。
吸煙在任何年紀都是不明智的。吸煙者和那些吸二手煙的人都會出現健康問題,既有長期的,也有急性的,比如感染和哮喘等。但是科恩的計劃提出了一個刺激的問題:我們什麼時候可以把未來的人生拋到一邊,全新享受當下的快樂?
  • 檢視大圖萊昂納德·科恩,攝於1988年。去年他宣布自己打算一到80歲就重新開始吸煙。
    Alfred Steffen/Corbis Outline
    萊昂納德·科恩,攝於1988年。去年他宣布自己打算一到80歲就重新開始吸煙。
在20世紀伊始,美國只有0.5%的人口超過80歲。肺結核和脊髓灰質炎等傳染性疾病在工業化國家發病率很高。骨質疏鬆等普通的老年疾病在當時甚至不被視為疾病。
如今,美國3.6%的人口年過八旬,而我們的生活也被嚴格地規定了:不僅要注意避免某些行為,還要注意吃藥。65歲以上的人之中,有一半人以上要吃五種乃至更多處方葯、非處方葯或膳食補充劑,其中很多並非用來治療急性病,而是為了降低未來的發病率。中風、心臟病、心力衰竭、腎衰、髖關節骨折……這個名單很長,而且美國衛生和公眾服務部計劃到2025年實現預防阿茲海默症,這個名單還會變得更龐大。
在21世紀,衰老只與風險以及和它所帶來的衰退有關。保險公司獎勵客戶常去健身,如果他們吸煙,就會懲罰他們。製藥公司告誡醫生們,就算他們給病人開了減少心臟病發病率的葯,但仍然有「殘餘風險」——於是醫生們就經常開出更多的葯。一種健身產品的宣傳詞把握了這種時代精神:「健康就是財富!長壽萬歲!」
但是什麼時候才能停止儲蓄,花一點我們的本金?如果你覺得自己馬上就要死掉,你可能會點上一支煙,停掉每天的阿司匹林、斯他汀和降壓藥。你可能就不會那麼憂慮未來,而是多花點時間和金錢來享受當下的快樂,比如和朋友出去吃飯之類的。
預防措施也有可能過猶不及。美國預防工作組(Groups like the United States Preventive Services Task Force)等組織經常研究支持預防指導方案的證據,發現到了特定年齡,預防措施所帶來的好處並不能抵消檢查、外科手術和服藥所帶來的風險。比如說,最近美國心臟病學學院和美國心臟協會發佈的膽固醇治療指導手冊把79歲作為上限,超過這個年齡就不必評估10年內心力衰竭、中風和心臟病發展及死亡的風險了。他們還建議,75歲以上、沒有心臟病的人服用斯他汀可能並沒有好處。但這不意味着所有人都應該聽從這個建議。
另外,75歲不就是新的65歲嗎?在決定停止做某事的時候,年齡似乎是一個模糊的標準。80歲的科恩真的是80歲嗎?在他75歲左右的時候還保持着嚴格的巡演計劃,經常從台上跳下來。或許對於他來說,80歲重新開始抽煙還太年輕了。
預測科學的進步可以為這些問題提供答案。加州大學舊金山分校和哈佛大學的醫學研究者們開發了ePrognosis網站,它整理出19種風險計算法,可供老人計算自己在未來6個月到10年內的死亡率。ePrognosis的開發者說,較為脆弱的老年人想知道自己的預期年齡,以便規劃自己的保健計劃,同時做出財務選擇,比如說花掉一些積蓄。
更有革命性的是Sharecare公司開發的產品RealAge。我們當中有些人比實際年齡顯老,有些人比實際年齡顯得年輕,RealAge就是把這種感覺量化出來。它使用一種算法,通過生活習慣、服藥數據等資料計算你「事實上」有多大年紀。
類似網站可以成為方便的工具,向病人傳播信息(以及市場信息)。但是複雜精算數據中包括了各種不確定性和局限性,病人最好還是同醫生當面交流。
我們成了一個過着量化生活的計劃者之國。但是生活會積累各種互相衝突的風險。通過心臟病和癌症預防,我們的壽命更長了,但這同時也增加了喪失認知能力的風險,患者會完全喪失生活能力,必須由照顧他們的人去決定他們該活多長、該怎樣活。生物倫理學家蒂娜·戴維斯(Dena Davis)說,目前正在發展的生物標記技術或許有一天可以預測出一個人是否會出現阿茲海默症的早期癥狀(比如通過PET掃描腦澱粉樣蛋白),這或許會使一些人去規劃自殺——或者至少是開始吸煙。
我們的老齡文化是在走極端。你要麼就保持健康,並且積極努力,建立自己的健康賬戶,要麼你就死。然而,正當我們開始如科恩的歌中所唱:「在我們曾經嬉戲的地方受苦」,我們也想關注當下。我有很多老年病人,他們和他們的照顧者常常抱怨整天都在到處求醫問葯,國民健康訪問調查(National Health Interview Survey)的數據提供了一個原因——在那些9年內死亡風險達到75%或以上的老年人中,有1/3到一半的人仍在接受對他們來說並不推薦的癌症篩查。
我並不打算用香煙或結腸鏡檢查來慶祝我的80歲生日,我也不希望我的衰老體驗會僅僅變成網上的精算數據。最近,我在一個社區團體內做了一次關於阿茲海默症的講演。在問答環節,一個人大聲說:「老年醫療保險為什麼不付我們每周一次與朋友共進晚餐,再來兩杯紅酒的錢。」他的意思是責備我們不只是想要活着,還想幸福地活着,醫藥很重要,但並不是獲得這種幸福的唯一手段。一項在社區和服務業內的全國調查表明,提高老年生活質量或許能幫助我們獲取這種幸福。或許我們應該開始討論「快樂項目」而不是「死亡項目」(Death Panels,美國民眾對奧巴馬醫改不信任的代稱——譯註)了。
賈森·卡拉威什(Jason Karlawish)是賓夕法尼亞大學醫學、醫學倫理學與健康政策學教授。
本文最初發表於2014年9月21日。
翻譯:董楠

Too Young to Die, Too Old to Worry

At any age, taking up smoking is not sensible. Both the smoker and those who breathe his secondhand smoke can suffer not only long-term but acute health problems, including infections and asthma. And yet, Mr. Cohen’s plan presents a provocative question: When should we set aside a life lived for the future and, instead, embrace the pleasures of the present?
  • 檢視大圖Leonard Cohen, 1988. Last year he announced he would start smoking again when he turned 80.
    Alfred Steffen/Corbis Outline
    Leonard Cohen, 1988. Last year he announced he would start smoking again when he turned 80.
At the start of the 20th century, only one-half of 1 percent of the United States population was over the age of 80. Industrialized nations were preoccupied with infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and polio. Many of the common diseases of aging, such as osteoporosis, were not even thought of as diseases.
Today, 3.6 percent of the population is over 80, and life is heavily prescribed not only with the behaviors we should avoid, but the medications we ought to take. More than half of adults age 65 and older are taking five or more prescription medications, over-the-counter medications or dietary supplements, many of them designed not to treat acute suffering, but instead, to reduce the chances of future suffering. Stroke, heart attacks, heart failure,kidney failure, hip fracture — the list is long, and with the United States Department of Health and Human Services’ plan to prevent Alzheimer’s disease by 2025, it grows ever more ambitious.
Aging in the 21st century is all about risk and its reduction. Insurers reward customers for regular attendance at a gym or punish them if they smoke. Physicians are warned by pharmaceutical companies that even after they have prescribed drugs to reduce their patients’ risk of heart disease, a “residual risk” remains — more drugs are often prescribed. One fitness product tagline captures the zeitgeist: “Your health account is your wealth account! Long live living long!”
But when is it time to stop saving and spend some of our principal? If you thought you were going to die soon, you just might light up, as well as stop taking your daily aspirin, statin and blood pressure pill. You would spend more time and money on present pleasures, like a dinner out with friends, than on future anxieties.
When it comes to prevention, there can be too much of a good thing. Groups like the United States Preventive Services Task Force regularly review the evidence that supports prevention guidelines, and find that after certain ages, the benefits of prevention are not worth the risks and hassles of testing, surgeries and medications. Recent guidelines forcholesterol treatment from the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association, for example, set 79 years as the upper limit for calculating the 10-year risk of developing or dying from heart attack, stroke or heart disease. They also suggest that, after 75, it may not be beneficial for a person without heart disease to start taking statins. But that doesn’t mean everyone follows this advice.
Besides, isn’t 75 the new 65? Age seems a blunt criterion to decide when to stop. Is Mr. Cohen at 80 really 80? In his mid-70s, he maintained a rigorous touring schedule, often skipping off the stage. Maybe 80 is too young for him to start smoking again.
Advances in the science of forecasting are held out as the answers to these questions. Physician researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, and at Harvard, have developed ePrognosis, a website that collates 19 risk calculators that an older adult can use to calculate her likelihood of dying in the next six months to 10 years. The developers of ePrognosis report that frail older adults want to know their life expectancy so they can not only plan their health care but also make financial choices, such as giving away some of their savings.
Even more revolutionary is RealAge, a product of Sharecare Inc. that has quantified our impression that as we age, some of us are really older, while others are younger than the count of their years. It uses an algorithm that assesses a variety of habits and medical data to calculate how old you “really” are.
Websites like these can be a convenient vehicle to disseminate information (and marketing materials) to patients. But complex actuarial data — including its uncertainties and limitations — is best conveyed during a face-to-face, doctor-patient conversation.
We are becoming a nation of planners living quantified lives. But life accumulates competing risks. By preventing heart disease and cancer, we live longer and so increase our risk of suffering cognitive losses so disabling that our caregivers then have to decide not just how, but how long, we will live. The bioethicist Dena Davis has argued that emerging biomarkers that may someday predict whether one is developing the earliest pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (like brain amyloid, measured with a PET scan) are an opportunity for people to schedule their suicide. Or at least start smoking.
Our culture of aging is one of extremes. You are either healthy and executing vigorous efforts to build your health account, or you are dying. And yet, as we start to “ache in the places where [we] used to play,” as one of Mr. Cohen’s songs puts it, we want to focus on the present. Many of my older patients and their caregivers complain that they spend their days going from one doctor visit to the next, and data from the National Health Interview Survey suggests one reason. Among older adults whose nine-year mortality risk is 75 percent or greater, from one-third to as many as one-half are still receiving cancer-screening tests that are no longer recommended.
I don’t plan to celebrate my 80th birthday with a cigarette or a colonoscopy, and I don’t want my aging experience reduced to an online, actuarial accounting exercise. I recently gave a talk about Alzheimer’s disease to a community group. During the question and answer session, one man exclaimed, “Why doesn’t Medicare pay us all to have dinner and two glasses of wine once a week with friends?” What he was getting at is that we desire not simply to pursue life, but happiness, and that medicine is important, but it’s not the only means to this happiness. A national investment in communities and services that improve the quality of our aging lives might help us to achieve this. Perhaps, instead of Death Panels, we can start talking about Pleasure Panels.
Jason Karlawish is a professor of medicine, medical ethics and health policy at the University of Pennsylvania.

2014年10月20日 星期一

The silver economy: Healthier and wealthier



October 19, 2014 7:16 pm

The silver economy: Healthier and wealthier

By 2050 those aged over 65 will outnumber children under five. The first part of a series on ageing populations looks at how that demographic shift is creating a new and powerful consumer class
Robert Harker, 73, and his wife Nancy, 70, square dance in Sun City, Arizona, January 8, 2013. Sun City was built in 1959 by entrepreneur Del Webb as Americaís first active retirement community for the over-55's. Del Webb predicted that retirees would flock to a community where they were given more than just a house with a rocking chair in which to sit and wait to die. Todayís residents keep their minds and bodies active by socializing at over 120 clubs with activities such as square dancing, ceramics, roller skating, computers, cheerleading, racquetball and yoga. There are 38,500 residents in the community with an average age 72.4 years. Picture taken January 8, 2013. REUTERS/Lucy Nicholson (UNITED STATES - Tags: SOCIETY)

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hen Del Webb built its first retirement community in Sun City, Arizona, in 1960, the typical occupants were a retired husband and his wife who had never worked outside the home. The development promised an “active new way of life”, with a golf course, a weekly “chow night” at the recreation centre and the occasional minstrel show put on by residents.
“We would never build one like that now,” says Jacque Petroulakis of Del Webb. New developments hold fewer than 1,000 units and most have space for classrooms. Many have a motorbike clubhouse, and more than a quarter of buyers are single. “The whole idea of retirement is seen in a different light today,” says Ms Petroulakis.
The concept of retirement – and old age itself – is being reshaped by a record number of baby boomers who are, or are approaching, 65. The effects of this demographic shift are being felt well beyond Sun City.

A recent Bank of America Merrill Lynch report cites UN estimates that the number of people worldwide aged 60 years and older will double to more than 2bn by mid-century. By 2050, the number of those aged over 65 will outnumber children aged five and under for the first time in human history.

That scenario has huge implications for government, and business, not least where to find future generations of taxpaying workers.

Sarah Harper, director of the Oxford Institute of Population Ageing, says “the vast majority of people in the world will make it to age 70”, once considered extraordinary old age. The shape of the classic “population pyramid” showing large numbers of young people at the bottom with a few elderly on top has changed.

Fertility rates in developed countries, and in many emerging economies such as South Korea, have fallen so far that they face a shortage of younger workers and consumers. It means the number of those who once could be counted on to buy homes, cars, motorbikes, clothing and other consumer goods is also likely to shrink in the future.
“We’ve gone from a pyramid to a skyscraper,” Professor Harper says. “It will change the 21st century in a way we never could have imagined.”

The rise in longevity has upended policy on pensions and healthcare, with governments raising retirement ages and shifting responsibility for saving and investing on to individuals.
But there is another side of the coin to the ageing population: it offers many industries an opportunity to target a whole new market.

Look at those middle-aged men in Lycra. They are riding bicycles that only a professional can afford. The way we think about ageing is changing
- Sanjeev Sanyal, Deutsche Bank
These new consumers are members of the fast-growing older demographic who are healthier and wealthier not only when compared with earlier generations of the same age. Crucially their spending power will be greater than that of the more frequently targeted 18 to 39-year olds.
BofAMerrill Lynch, which recently produced a report on what it calls The Silver Dollar, cites estimates that the over-50s account for almost 60 per cent of total US consumer spending and 50 per cent of that in the UK.
Jody Holtzman, of the American Association of Retired Persons, whose members are aged 50 plus, says that for many people longer lives will mean an extended middle age rather than a descent into frailty.
“It is only in Washington that addressing the needs of 100m people is called an unaffordable burden,” Mr Holtzman says. “In the private sector, it’s called ‘an opportunity’.”
And industries are adapting. Sanjeev Sanyal, global strategist at Deutsche Bank, says the market for high-priced consumer goods – cars, watches, sports equipment – is dominated by older adults.
“Look at those middle-aged men in Lycra,” says Mr Sanyal. “They are riding bicycles that only a professional can afford. The way we think about ageing is changing.
“Within a generation we will have to get rid of this idea of retiring. A 70-year-old should be somebody who goes to the office every day.”
The way goods and services are marketed to older adults with deeper pockets is also changing. “Demographic drivers, including increasing life expectancy, raised retirement ages, longer working lives as well as inheritance, will further boost the incomes and spending power of older consumers,” according to the BofA report.

Companies are preparing for the new wave of older consumers. Property developers, carmakers, technology companies, financial services firms and the pharmaceutical industry are all tailoring their offerings accordingly.

“We have a saying about things that were traditionally designed for older people,” says Stephen Johnston, co-founder of Ageing 2.0, a technology design network whose members develop niche products to improve quality of life for those with infirmities. “We call them Big, Beige and Boring.” Increasingly, he says, marketers are moving away from that format. “The biggest trend we see is a move towards .ageless design

With good reason. Today, the wealthiest fifth of those aged 50 to 64 spend more each week on food and alcohol, recreation, restaurants, hotels and transport than those of the more-coveted 30 to 49-year-old age group. And Britain is no exception.

Within a generation we will have to get rid of this idea of retiring. A 70-year-old should be somebody who goes to the office every day
In wealthy countries, the effects of this spending power can already be seen. For example, the percentage of new cars bought by Americans aged over 65 is about a fifth of the total so far in 2014, up from 11 per cent in 2004, before the recession hit, according to IHS Automotive. The share bought by the core 18-to-34-year-old age group fell from 17 per cent to 11 per cent in the same period.
That is forcing manufacturers to design cars that are easier for older drivers to sit in and manoeuvre. Sven Hartelt, an IHS Automotive analyst, says manufacturers are adding features to help older drivers whose attention spans and reflexes are slowing.
But because people are entering retirement in good health – and with far greater wealth than earlier generations – they are spending time and money in different ways to their parents.
Stephen Bond, co-director of the Demographic Users’ Group of large UK retailers, is a former executive at Marks and Spencer. He says older adults are no longer willing to adopt traditional “old people’s” attire and are keen to dress fashionably.
He recalls a market research exercise with a panel of older, female shoppers, one of whom attended the first Glastonbury rock festival. “She was waxing eloquent about it,” Mr Bond says. “In her mind, she is still that same person. When you see yourself through your own eyes, you see the same person you always did.”

2014年10月6日 星期一

成人、老人比青年更快樂


"Empirical evidence confirms what honest introspection knows: most people are happier after reaching middle age. Though there are variations in the global low point – the Swiss reach it at 35, while Ukrainians don’t hit rock bottom until 62 – all report becoming steadily happier after that ... The evidence that life is not a downhill path is constant." Via Comment is free
Susan Neiman: Empirical evidence confirms what honest introspection...
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2014年10月4日 星期六

Being Mortal

In Being Mortal, bestselling author Atul Gawande tackles the hardest challenge of his profession: how medicine can not only improve life but also the process of its ending
Medicine has triumphed in modern times, transforming birth, injury, and infectious disease from harrowing to manageable. But in the inevitable condition of aging and death, the goals of medicine seem too frequently to run counter to the interest of the human spirit. Nursing homes, preoccupied with safety, pin patients into railed beds and wheelchairs. Hospitals isolate the dying, checking for vital signs long after the goals of cure have become moot. Doctors, committed to extending life, continue to carry out devastating procedures that in the end extend suffering.
Gawande, a practicing surgeon, addresses his profession’s ultimate limitation, arguing that quality of life is the desired goal for patients and families. Gawande offers examples of freer, more socially fulfilling models for assisting the infirm and dependent elderly, and he explores the varieties of hospice care to demonstrate that a person's last weeks or months may be rich and dignified.
Full of eye-opening research and riveting storytelling, Being Mortal asserts that medicine can comfort and enhance our experience even to the end, providing not only a good life but also a good end.

  • Hardcover: 304 pages
  • Publisher: Metropolitan Books; 1 edition (October 7, 2014)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0805095152
  • ISBN-13: 978-0805095159
  • Product Dimensions: 8.2 x 5.6 x 1 inches
Too many old people in the developed world end their lives in hospital, hooked up to machines and surrounded by strangers. In his eloquent book "Being Mortal", Atul Gawande explains how and why modern medicine has turned the end of life into something so horriblehttp://econ.st/1xKwj8D